Best available corn



BEST AVAlLABLE COP DYNAMO BRUSH RIGGING Filed July 15, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 .97 F W6 /09 I #4 fii 705 //7 57/ 70.3 Q W 39 9d 95 99/00 iii/70106 Manama 40 minimum-Ln I. [HUEDZ Ff Z W B .40

BEST AVAILABLE cop Nov. 9 1926. 1,606,207

w. A. CHRYST DYNAMO BRUSH RIGGING F i1ed July 15, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I v zQ/ZUT'ZYEJ BEST AVAILABLE COP;

W. A. CHRYST DYNAMO BRUSH RIGGING Nov. 9 1926.

4 Sheets- Sheet 3 Filed July 15, 1922 d a w- Mr-w BEST AVAILABLE 00m Nov. 9, 1926. 1,606,207

* W. A. CHRYST DYNAMO BRUSH RIGGING Filed July'lS, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 44M amid/4 *a M W Fatentsd Nov. 9, 1925.

UNITED STATES BEST AVAILABLE COP.

PATENT OFFlCE.

WILLIAM CHRYST, 0F DAYTON-3 0E110, ASSIGNOR TO THE DAYTON ENGiNEERING LABORATORIES COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

DYNAMIC-BRUSH RIG GING.

Application filed July 15,

This invention relates to dynamo-electric machines employed to start intern:il-eombustion engines and then to generate current for ignition, lights, and charging a battery. The principal objects of the present invention are to promote the dependability and life of a dynamo-electric-machine employed on internal-combustion engines and more especially, to provide improved mountings and adjustments for the brushes which-permit inspection and repair or replacementofthese parts with a minimum disassembling of the apparatus.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an end view of a dynamo-electricmachine provided with the present invention;

Fig. 2 isca plan View of the commutators;i i

1 Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on line.3 30f Fig.4,

Fig. 4 is 'a longitudinal sectional view; Fig. 5 is a sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an inside view of frames of the dynamo; and

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on line 7-7 of Fig. 6.-

Referring to the drawings, the dynamo electricsmachine is formed with a continuous annular field frame 38 adapted to be attachedto an engine crank case 30 by a dependingflange 39 and bolts 40. Field pole 4l formed integral with the frame 38 and.

of the ground brushes one of the end upper pole shoe 42 attached to'the pole by bolt 43. Fieldicoils 70 and '72 surround the pole4l above the shoe. 45 is lower pole shoe formed integral with the lower portion of field frame 38. Side walls of the field frame are made relatively thin to reduce to a minimum the width of the dynamoelectric-machine. The right end wall 47 of the field frame 38 is formed integrally with the frame and is made relatively thick to provide the quantity of metal required in addition to the. metal inthe side walls 46, for providing an adequate flux path from the field pole 41 to the lower pole shoe 45.

The left end housing of the dynamo-electric-machine is formed by an end frame 48 and a cover 49 completely separated along a diagonal line 50 to one side of the axis of the armature 51. This armature is supported by a ball bearing 52 'secured'iin an Opening in the right end wall 47 of the 1922. Serial No. 575,217.

field frame, and by ball bearing 53 secured in an aperture in the left end frame 48. Left bearing is secured permanently in pcsition by side plates 54, 55 held against the inner and outer faces respectively of the end housing member 48, by rivets 56. The end frame 48 is preferably held in position during operation of the dynamo-electricmachine andduring repair or adjustment of the brushes by relatively heavy bolts 57 which are set tigitly in tapped holes in the left end of field frame 38 sothat it will be 'diilicult to loosentl1es"e bolts" with an ordinary screwdriver or'pincersi The cover plate 49 is held'in position preferably by a smaller bolt 58 which may be readily turned with pincers or a screw driver to remove this section of the rear end housing.

.[t has been [found that this construction promotes uniform operation and lengthens the life of a dynamo electriefmachine, for the bolts 57 may be set at tlie"factoryor :1. ga rage'with heavier tools than are generally available to the automobile driver, and the driver usually will not remove the larger rear end housing 48, which carries the rear end bearing 53 of the armature. The arm'a-' ture will be supported in operable position, except when the car is taken to -a garagei This prolongs the-life of the bearings and,

insures proper alignment of the armature shaft" with the moving parts cooperating therewith.

Armature 51' is provided with relativelyheavy windings cormeeted'with commutator G2 and with'relatively'fine Windings'connected with commutator '63. Theiheavy armature windings cooperate with" series field winding when the dynamo-functionsas a motor. and the fine armature windings the machine func with shunt" field 72, when trons as a'generator.

65 is'a metal plate extending acrossfthe" left end of the field frame 38"abovethe= armature (Figs; 3 and 4) and held-in position by bolts 66passing through the plate into bosses 67 formed on the field frame.

post 71 connected to one'end of the shunt winding 72 and post-73 connected by lead 74 from the generator lifting brush 75.

' On the'left-hand side'o'f plate 65 (Fig; 3)"

is a stud shaft 75 connected on the inner side luir of plate 65 with the other end of series field winding and carrying on the front side of the plate a bell crank lever 77. These posts and the stud shaft are insulated from plate 65. Bell crank lever 77 has a relatively long arm 78 supporting lifting motor brush 79, a shorter substantially vertical arm 80 supporting a circumferentia-lly grooved fibre roller 81 and a still shorter downwardly projecting arm 82 supporting a roller 83 adapted to be engaged by the conical inner-end of control rod 88 (Fig. 1) which functions to lift the brush 79 from the motor .comn'iutator. Screw 84 has a downwardly projecting end 85 which slides in a groove in rod 88 to guide the latter. Rod 88 extends through hole 88 in frame 48 and is operated by a pedal (not shown). Enoirc-ling the stud shaft 76 on the rear side of the bell crank lever 77 is a relatively stifl' coiled spring 89 one of whose ends 90 engages a. stud projecting from the plate 65, the other end of the coil. spring. 89 engaging a,. lug 92 on the brush arm '7 8 and tending to hold; the brush 7 9 in engagement with the motor commutator 6,2." This constructon holdsthe.brush-Z9'against the upper surface of the motor commutator where the brush is accessible when and plate 49 is removed and provides-for movement of. t-he brush 79 to control; operation ,of the dynamo-electric-machine as a motor.

Referring-to Figs. 1, 3 and 6, the lowerrigh a dsurfa e 93 of nd frame 48 is provided; with .arelatively large opening 94 adjacent the line of separation 50 between the two members 49; Ground brush supo ztinglplate .95 is bolted to the outer ldbof. 48raga-inst the surface 93 thereof in ,positon to cover the opening 94. Riveted-to the inner surface of plate 95 is -L sl aped bracket '96 having a web 97.

projecting inwardly toward the axis of the armature. :98 is 'a stud shaft projecting to theleft in Fig.4, and supported by the web QZand-JQE-tlll'h supporting brush arm 99, normally held inwardly-against the generator 63 by coiledspri'ng 100 en.- circlingthebrush arm hub 101- located between the web 97 and brush arm 99.- .One (21151402 :of the ,springengages' a lug 103 formed on the arm 99 and theother end 104 engagesna-stud1Q5,carried by the-web 97. 105 is;a,.gen erator ground brush supported on. the end arm 99 and held against generatorcomm-utator 63 by the spring Mounted on the opposite side of the web 9Zand projeeting toward the field frame 38 is a stud shaft 107 supporting brush arm 10,8 carrying on its outer end a motor ground brush 109 normally held against the motor commutator 62 by coiled spring 110 which encircles the brush arm hub 111 located between the .web 97 and the ar1n=108. One end- 112 of the spring engages a lug 113 formed on brush arm, 108 and the other endllet of the spring engages a stud 115 carried by the web 97.

Ground brush sup detached from the ynamo-electric-machine to permit inspection or repair without disassembling other parts of the machine. it has been found that the mounting of the supportingplate 95 as shown facilitates asseinbly of the ground brushes with the commutator and securing the supporting plate in position by providing for a movement of the plate substantially radially toward the commutator to bring the brushes and plate into final position.

Referring to Figs. 6 and 7 there is provided between the ball bearing retainer plate 55 and the inner surface of the housing member 48 an annular recess 116 in which is located the hub of a rotatable plate 117 carrying a radial car 118 insulatingly supporting a transverse stud shaft 119. Mounted on shaft 119 is a brush arm hub 120 and third brush arm 121 connected with the hub and supporting 'a generator regulating third brush 122. Coiled spring 123 encircling the hub 120 holds the third .brush against commutator 63. One end 124 of the coiled spring engages :1 lug 125 formed on the brush arm 121, and the other end 126 of the spring engages a nonconducting stud 127' attached to'the ear 118. This brush is normally located within end housing member 48 beneath the bell crank lever 7 7 supporting the motor lifting brush 79 (Fig. 3) and'is connected to one end of generatorwind-ing 7 2 by lead 128. Diametrically opposite the stud shaft 119 supporting-third brush 122'the rotatable plate 117 is. formed with an ear 129 having an arcuate slot 130 and the inner retaining plate 55 of the ball bearing 53 is formed with an ear 131. Screw 132'pr0jec-ts through the arcuate slot in ear 129 and is threaded into ear 131 to clamp thetwo ears together and hold the rotatable plate 117 and the third brush 122 carried by'it in adjusted position relative to the generator commutator. The ears 129 and 131 and bolt 132 project outwardly from housing member 48 to a pointenclosed by end housing -meinber 49 and 6). U on removal of thesmaller bolt-5'8 the housing member 49 can be detached exposing theadjust-ing screw 132 which may be loosened to permit adjustment of the third brush on its commutator; or this screw may be removed to permit rotation -"of the third brush to a position outside of the housing member 48 thus permitting repair or replace ment of the third brush without removing the member 48. Cotter pin 133 encircling third brush lead 128 and passing through a side wall of the housing member 48 normallv holds the slack portion of this lead awaj from moving parts but permits adjustmentrting plate 95 is easily of the third brush and rotation thereof to a position adjacent the oblique edge of housng 48 as described. Finger piece 134 formed on the ear 129 assists in rotating the third brush when making adjustments.

Inner retaining plate 55 of the ball hearing 53 is also'provided with an car 135 supporting an inwardly projecting stud shaft 136 upon which is rotatably mounted a bell crank 140 having a brush arm 141 carrying on its free end generator lifting brush 7 5. Brush arm hub 143 holds brush arm 141 in spaced relation to the supporting car 135 and coil spring 144 encircling the hub normally holds the brush against the generator comn'iutator, the spring 144 having an end 144 bearing against the lug 141 of lever arm 141, and an end 144 bearing against anon-conducting stud 144 carried by the plate 55. ;The other arm 141 of the bell crank lever 140 carries a stud 145-on which is'pivotally mounted a link 146 having a notched outer end 147 engaging the grooved roller 81 carried by arm 80 of the bell crank lever 77 which supports motor lifting brush I Referring to of the link 146.;is. so proportioned that when the roller 83 is released .and spring 89 forces motor lifting brush-79 against the motor commutator 62 the link 146 aetingon the bell crankv lever 140 will raise generator lifting brush about of an inch from generator commutator .63, the spring stronger thanspring 144*so that it will move both brushesg79 and 7 5 against the action of spring; 144 which-tends to seat generator lifting brush 7 5.. The :notch in the free end. of lever.14 6;is made relatively deep to 'pro-u vide a lost. motion connectionv between bell crank lever 77 and bell crank lever 140 so that when thesroller 83 is elevated, motor 2 lifting brush; 79 will be raised a relatively long distance from its commutator while, when the roller 83 is released, the spring:-89,, actingqthroughhthe -bell crank lever 77, link;

146, and bell crank lever 140, will raise generator lifting brush 75- a short distance from its commutator 7 Referring to Fig. 4, 147 is a right: end housing on; a dynamo-electric-machine enclosing an over-running clutch whose inner element 148 is fastened to the right end of the armature shaft 149. The outer clutch element 150 is adapted to be driven by an engine, not shown. On the inner wall of the gear housing 147 is packing cup 152 which prevents heavy grease within the gear housing from working through the ball bearing 52 to the inside of the field frame. The outer end or" the gear housing 147 is provided with an enclosure 153 of sheet metal having a central aperture through which the engine shaft projects.

The type of internal-combustion engine -89 being made- BEST AVAILABLE com a attached to its shaft 149.. By means of end-' wise movable intermediate gearing, the gear 160 may be connected with the engine fiy wheel gear. The intermediate gearing is moved by a pedal-operated device which also operates the control rod 88 .liaving a conical end which engages the roller 83, shown in Fig. 3. Normally the intermediate: gearing .is out of engagement with the engine gear and gear 160,- and the brush'79 ismaintained outof engagement with'tho commutator 62. Operation of the pedal will first cause the-intermediate gearing; to engage the gear160; and then, while being slowly rotated, the intermediate gear-- ing will be meshed with the engine gear. \Vhenthe lntermediate gearing 1s.;'substan tialiy 1n-mesh with theengme gear,..the

roller 83 will be-released to permit the'brush 79 to engage the motor commutator 62 and the brush 75 to be lifted from the generatorcominutator- '63. The dynamo will vthen operate as a motor.with torque sufficient to crank the engine. Release of the pedal will restore the brushes 75 and 79 to normal as shown in Fig; 3, so that the dynamo mayoperate as a shunt generator. The overrunning clutch members 148 and 150 permit the dynamo to overrun the connection with the engine at the clutch member 150,-r-.while cranking; and an 'overrunnmg clutch. in the' intermediate gearing allowsv theengine. to.

overrun. the gear 160. in case the-latter is": still in ,mesh with the intermediate. igear= after the-engine becomes self-operative; As-

thissystem is well-known. to those, skilled in -the art, illustrationthereof-Iis deemed unnecessary. This electrical system is mentioned merely' as showing one use of the'present invention which is clearly susceptible of other uses.

One of the advantages of the present invention is in the accessibilit of the device for adjusting the third or dynamo regulating brush 122. After the end housing member 49 has been removed, the screw 132 and the handle 134, which are outside the diagonal edge of the end housing 48. are readily accessible.

Another important advantage is that all of the dynamo brushes can be removed without removing the end housing 48. This is important because the installation of the I of the opening.

dynamo upon thevframe of the engine may be such that the end housing 48 could not be removed without first removing other )arts mounted upon the engine or chassis. t will he understood that the dynamo 18 adapted to be attached to the engine frame with its left side, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 3, adjacent the engine, the right side being accessible. After removing housing cover 49, it is obvious that brush 79 can be removed. Since link 146 may be detached from roller 80 while the latter remains in place, the brush arm 141 can be rotated clockwise-until the screw 75 holding brush 75 is accessible. Brushes 106 and 109 can be removed from their brush arms after removing the plate 95 from the housing 48. After removing screw 132 from plate 55, plate 117 can be rotated counter-clockwise, as viewed in Fig. 3, until the screw 129. holding brush 122 is accessible from the ri ht side of the dynamo.

ile'the form of embodiment of the invention' as herein described, constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope" of theclaims which follow.

- What is claimed is as follows:

LA dynamo including a commutator, a frame member providing a housing for the commutator and having a single continuous opening through one sidethereof, brushes within the housing some of which are normally inaccessible, through the opening,

brush supporting means permitting all of the brushes to be removed through said opening, said means includin a plate covering part'ofthe opening, ant carrying certain brushes,'and a cover for the remainder bipolar-dynamo having a commutator, a field frame provided with a pole piece extending vertically from its armature,

' an endi frame attached to the field frame and providing a-hou'sing for the commutator said frame having'a singlopening'through one side thereof and -extending substantially from the'top to't-he bottom of the machine, brushes engaging the commutator approximately vertically thereof, and brush supporting devices permitting removal of said brushes through said opening while the frame remains assembled, said devices including a plate coveringone end of the opening and supporting certain brushes.

dynamo having commutators and brushes, :1 brush and commutator housing frame having .an opening in one side thereof, and means for producing movement. of one brush radially relative to the comu'iutator by movement of the other, said means permitting movement of one brush independently of the others to a position when the brush is accessible for removal from the dynamo. the frame remaining assemblcd.

t. A dynamo having a plurality of commutator-s, an armature having windings connected with the commutators, and a plu rality of brushes cooperating with each commutator, said dynamo being an assembly of a subassembly including the field frame, the armature and a dynamo brush, a subassembly including a plurality of brushes and an endframe adapted to be attached to the field frame and providing for the commutator and brushes a houslng having an opening through which the brushes may be manipulated and a 'subassembly including a cover for the opening in said housing and plurality of brushes supported by the cover. Y I

5. A dynamo having an armature provided with windings for motoring and for generating proposes, respectively, commutators adjacent one end of the armature and connected with the armature windings, said dynamo being an assembly of a subassembly including a field frame and brush adapted to be moved into and out of enga ement with one ofthe commutators, an a subassembly including an end frame and the other dynamo brushes one of which is movable into and out of engagement with the other of the commutators, said last mentioned subassembly including means for de tachably connecting said movable brushes motion of the other brush.

In testimony whereof I hereto afiix my signature.

WILLIAM A. oHRYs-r. 

